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Nifedipine and atenolol singly and combined for treatment of essential hypertension: comparative multicentre study in general practice in the United Kingdom

机译：硝苯地平和阿替洛尔单独治疗和联合治疗原发性高血压：英国一般实践中的比较性多中心研究

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A randomised double blind parallel group study was performed to compare the efficacy and acceptability of slow release nifedipine (maximum dose 40 mg twice a day) with those of atenolol (maximum dose 100 mg once a day) as single agents for the treatment of essential hypertension. Of 410 patients recruited almost exclusively from general practices in 22 centres in the United Kingdom 210 received nifedipine and 200 atenolol. Both drugs significantly reduced blood pressure, and control—a reduction of the diastolic pressure to less than 95 mm Hg—was obtained in about 65% of patients. Those who received nifedipine had more pronounced reductions in systolic pressure than those who received atenolol. One hundred and forty nine patients who failed to respond adequately to either atenolol or nifedipine in low doses were given both drugs once daily for eight weeks in a fixed combination capsule that contained atenolol 50 mg and nifedipine 20 mg. All patients showed further reductions in blood pressure, although those who were taking β atenolol before the combination capsule had more pronounced reductions in systolic pressures. Twenty six patients (12%) were withdrawn because of adverse effects while taking nifedipine compared with 19 (10%) taking atenolol. Flushing and oedema were more common after the calcium antagonist, whereas diarrhoea and dyspepsia were more common after atenolol. The frequencies of headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and dyspnoea were equally distributed between the two groups. When the fixed combination capsule was taken side effects such as flushing and oedema continued.
机译：进行了一项随机双盲平行组研究，以比较缓释硝苯地平（最大剂量40 mg，每天两次）和阿替洛尔（最大剂量100 mg，每天一次）作为单药治疗原发性高血压的疗效和可接受性。在英国22个中心的410例患者中，几乎全部是从常规实践中招募的，其中210例接受了硝苯地平和200例阿替洛尔。两种药物均能显着降低血压，约有65％的患者获得了控制（舒张压降至低于95毫米汞柱）。接受硝苯地平治疗的患者的收缩压明显低于接受阿替洛尔治疗的患者。低剂量对阿替洛尔或硝苯地平没有充分反应的149名患者，在固定组合胶囊中每日两次接受两种药物治疗，持续8周，该胶囊中含有50毫克阿替洛尔和20毫克硝苯地平。所有患者均显示出血压的进一步降低，尽管在联合胶囊之前服用β阿替洛尔的患者的收缩压显着降低。服用硝苯地平期间有26例患者（12％）由于不良反应而退出治疗，而服用阿替洛尔的19例患者（10％）退出治疗。钙拮抗剂使用后，潮红和水肿更为常见，而阿替洛尔使用后，腹泻和消化不良更为常见。头痛，头晕，疲劳和呼吸困难的频率在两组之间平均分布。当服用固定组合胶囊时，副作用如潮红和水肿继续存在。

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